Translating…
Sewage treatment plants are large facilities utilized in treating wastewater. Wastewater is the water that’s been used and released from domestic residences, commercial properties, industries, agriculture which contains huge amounts of contaminants and heavy concentrations of pollutants. In most common use, it refers to wastewater from town which includes big amounts of contaminants because it’s a mixture of wastewater from houses, businesses and industrial sectors. Municipal wastewater is usually treated in mixed sewer, sanitary sewer, effluent sewer or septic tank.
Sewage is a part of wastewater which has stools and urine but normally it is referred in general as any wastewater. Sewage consists of domestic, municipal, or industrial liquid waste material that’s usually disposed through pipe or sewer and at times in a cesspool emptier. Sewerage on the whole is the physical infrastructure or facility which is made up of pipes, pumps, screens, channel and any materials used to transport the sewage from its original spot to be discharged to the sewage treatment plants for necessary treatment processing and final disposal to the environment that is safe and harmless. Sewerage can be found in all types of sewage treatment plants, with the exception of septic tanks system that treat sewage on-site.
In other urban areas, they have designed separate sewage for sanitary sewers and run off from streets which come from storm drains. The ease of access of either of these 2 is through a manhole. Nevertheless, during heavy rains and heavy down pour of precipitation, sanitary sewers often overflow which forced the untreated sewage to flow back to the environment that can be harmful to the overall health of individuals because of the diseases it might bring as a result of contaminants and pollutants present in the sanitary sewers. Sewage can be released straight to the major bodies of water that has minimal treatment or no treatment. Nevertheless, when the sewage is untreated, it could have serious effect on the quality of environment and the public health. The different pathogens could cause several diseases and illnesses.
Different processes are used to treat as well as clean the wastewater which depends on the type and degree of the contamination. Often, almost all wastewater are treated in large industrial sewage treatment plants. Treatment at the sewage treatment plants consists of physical, chemical, and biological treatment processes. Nonetheless, the use of septic tanks and other on-site facilities are widely practiced in the rural areas where there is absolutely no available services of centralized sewage treatment plants facilities.
In the sewage treatment plants, the most important aerobic treatment system is actually the activated sludge method. This is in line with the maintenance and also recirculation of complex biomass consisting of micro-organisms which absorb the organic matter carried in the wastewater. The aerobic processes are generally used in treating industrial wastewaters as well as biological sludge. Sludge is the solid waste in the wastewater. Several wastewater is highly treated because they’re reused and reclaimed for some other beneficial purposes. Disposal of wastewater from various other industrial plant is tough and requires high cost. This is true for some refineries, chemical and petrochemical plants. They have their own on-site wastewater treatment facilities which conform to the local and / or national regulations.